Knowledge Management (KM) is the combination of strategies, business processes ontology and ICT technologies for the purpose of capturing, organizing, storing and disseminating knowledge and experiences of scientists in an extended-environment scientific organizations.
KM facilitates organizational learning and enhances their performance and contributes an added value to their scientific output.
First generation Knowledge Management involves the capture of information and experience so that it is easily accessible in a corporate environment. An alternate term is “knowledge capture”. Managing this capture allows the system to grow into a powerful information asset – knowledge capital. Faced with the theoretical and practical failure of first generation techniques to live up to its promise, theorists began to look more closely at the ways in which knowledge is created and shared across local, national and international borders. Organizations came to be seen as capable of learning. Thus, a link grew between learning theory and management. At the same time hierarchical models of organizational structure were replaced by more process-oriented models, which see effective organizations as capable of structural change in response to their varying environment.
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